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Alternating current (AC) is an electric current whose intensity and direction change periodically over time. This is the most common type of electric current and is widely used in electronic, household and industrial equipment. In this article, we will learn about the concept of what is alternating current as well as its components, characteristic quantities, and how to create alternating current.
You may be interested in the following articles:
- Learn about direct current and its effects.
- Important characteristics of the electrical and electronics industry.
Contents
What is alternating current?
Alternating current TTTT is an electric current whose intensity and direction change periodically over time. The cycle of alternating current is the time period from when the current intensity reaches its maximum in one direction until the current intensity reaches its maximum in the opposite direction. The frequency of alternating current is the number of times the current cycles repeat in one second.
Alternating voltage and current are often expressed as sine or cosine shapes. The sinusoid represents the periodic component of the current, while the cosine represents the non-periodic component.
Alternating current is denoted ~ and can have many different frequencies, for example 50Hz or 60Hz. This frequency is regulated by generators and is used to synchronize electronic devices.
Components of alternating current
Alternating current is composed of two main components: cyclic component and non-cyclic component.
Cyclic components
A periodic component is a component whose intensity and direction change periodically over time. This is the main component of alternating current and is represented by a sinusoid.
The AC voltage and current will change sinusoidally within a cycle. When the voltage reaches its maximum value, the current intensity also reaches its maximum value. Conversely, when the voltage reaches its smallest value, the current intensity also reaches its smallest value.
Non-cyclic components
A non-periodic component is a component that does not change over time. This is the additional component of alternating current and is represented by the cosine figure.
This component usually has a smaller value than the circulating component and plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the alternating current.
Characteristic quantities of alternating current
Characteristic quantities of alternating current include current intensity, voltage and power.
Amperage
Current intensity is a quantity that characterizes the amount of charger moving through a cross-section of a conductor in a unit of time. The unit of measurement for electric current is Ampere (A).
Voltage
Voltage is a quantity that characterizes the ability of an electric field to perform work. The measurement unit of voltage is Volt (V).
Wattage
Power is a quantity that characterizes the rate at which work is performed by an electric current. The unit of measurement for power is Watt (W).
How to create alternative electricity
Alternating current is generated using an alternating current generator. Alternators operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction.
When a magnet is moved across a coil, it creates an alternating voltage in that coil. If this coil is connected to an avr circuit, this alternating voltage will produce alternating current.
Alternators can be adjusted to produce different frequencies, depending on the intended use. For example, in a grid power system, the frequency of alternating current is 50Hz or 60Hz.
See more: Experiences in choosing genuine Alternators for businesses.
Effects of alternating current
Alternating current has many applications in life and industry. Here are some effects of alternating current:
Provides power for electronic and household devices
Alternating current is used to power electronic devices such as computers, televisions, lights, and other household appliances.
Industrial use
Alternating current is widely used in industries such as steel production, machine manufacturing, automobile manufacturing and other industries.
Engine control
Alternating current is used to control motors in electronic devices and automated systems.
Power transmission
Alternating current is used to transmit electricity from power plants to areas where electricity is used.
Alternating current is a type of electric current whose intensity and direction change periodically over time. It is created using an alternating current generator and has many applications in life and industry. Hopefully this article has helped you better understand the concept, components, characteristic quantities and how alternating current works.
See more: What structure of an AC generator consist?
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